Territory



(No Model.)

'1/1. STIXRUD.

PLANING MACHINE.

I No. 399,711. Patented Mar. 19, 1889.

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NITED STATES PATENT rricir.

MARTINIUS STIXRUD, OF SEATTLE, VASHINGTON TERRITORY.

PLANING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 399,711, dated March19, 1889.

Application led March 20, 1888.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MARTINTUS STIXRUD, of Seattle, in the county of Kingand Territory of Washington, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Planing-Machines, of which the following is a full andcorrect specification.

My invention relates to machines for planing timber adapted to horse orsteam power; and it consists of a rectangular body or block of wood madelarge enough to plane off heavy and thick timbers, first roughly hewn orsawed, combined with various mechanical parts, operating to make amachine which fulfills all the requirements of a complete planer capableof both forward and backward movements.

By the mechanism which I employ my invention comprises apparatus forplaning, for proper adjustment of the cutting-blade, for. easy andeffective back motion, for regulating the planing operation, dac., andcertain novel special contrivances, as hereinafter particularly setforth.

My pla-ner is designed to be used in constructing wooden bridges andtrestles and in the planing and shaping of large and heavy timbers atthe site of all structures where useful. Its employment saves thetransportation of timbers to mills to be planed, and also saves the timeused up in planing them on the spot slowly and laboriously byhand-tools. My machine, while useful, generally, for planing, is alsospecially adapted to planing down large timbers to any given or requiredsize. In this special use my invention is used in. combination with abed of timber upon which the stick to be planed is laid, as hereinaftermore fully detailed and described.

In the drawings hereto annexed and forming a part hereof, whereinsimilar let-ters of reference refer to and indicate similar parts in thedifferent iigures, Figure l is a longitudinal vertical section of myinvention through the broken line X X shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings,and exhibits all the parts of my invention that can be seen in such viewas marked in the drawings. Fig. 2 is a plan View of my invention,showing the working parts therein indicated. Fig. 3 is a cross verticalsection through the broken line Y Y of Fig. l. It shows the rollers R Rand certain Serial No. 267,857. (No model.)

other parts, as hereinafter particularly speci fied, the supports l-I Hof Fig. l being removed.

The main body of my invention, preferably made of wood, is marked A inthe drawings. I generally construct it about six feet long, twenty-twoinches wide, and six inches thick, although other proportions could beused to suit the purpose. Through this body I cut a triangular opening,O, into which is fitted a cast-iron pocket, C, of one piece, flanged asshown in the drawings, carrying projections y y over the blades B and Bfor the wedges WV W', and the two sockets p p under the blade B, with anopening, o, in the bottom of the pocket to let the blade B and theshavings through. This pocket I fasten to the wood of the body withbolts through the flanges.

B is the main blade, which does the cutting or planing and lies inoperation along the beveled side of the pocket, extending through theopening o in the bottom of the pocket. Upon the main blade is thecounter-blade B of the same width as the main blade. This counter-bladeis fastened to the main blade by means of two screws, S S, and thecounterblade is slotted at these two screws so as to adj ust thecounter-blade on the main blade. The two blades are fastened to thepocket casting by means of the two screws S S and tightened thereto bythe two wedges W W, which enter between the counter-blade and theprojections y y over the blades of the pocket-casting. (See Fig. 2 ofthe drawings.) The two screws S S pass through slots .rin both blades,and are screwed into the pocketcasting in any convenient manner. Thesescrews tighten the blades B and B to the pocket-casting. I preferablymake them ratchet-headed, so as to be turned with a special wrench.

My blades are naturally made rather broad ones, and the slots in them,through which the tightening-screws pass and act, are placed at or nearthe longitudinal center line of the blades. The sides of the blades areinclined to spring up under the action of the tightening-screws. Suchupspringing my wedges W WV are purposely designed to overcome, and bythem the blades will be the more firmly pressed down upon the inclinedsurface of the pocket. The wedges are valuable auxiliaries IOO to thetightening-screws, in that they more equally distribute the pressure,keep the broad blades flatter and secure a closer contact for them, givethem greater rigidity, andincrease their firmness and efficiency.

The adjustment of the main blade is made by means of the two screws D D,which are held stationary, except that they turn around their own axes.The screws D D are made thus stationary by means of two sockets, pp, forthem in the pocket-casting, and to prevent the screws from lifting upthere is a bed-plate, K, bolted to the body of the machine, (see Fig.1,) carrying two supports, H II, on each side of the body Each set ofsuch supports terminates in a journal, J. The screws D D each passAthrough a journal. Under each journal, on the screw, is fastened acollar, L, by means of akey of steel, or otherwise,which prevents theuplifting of the screws D D. These screws D D also each pass through anut, N. (See Fig. 1.) There are two of these nuts N N. These nuts N Neach terminate in a screw that passes through the longitudinal slots S Sin the mai-n blade, near its top, and are fastened to this blade by nutsn n on the screws. The slots S S admit of taking the main blade out ofthe machine when loosened up. In adjusting the cutting end of the mainblade the tightening -screws and wedges are loosened, the screws D Dturned, and then the nuts N N, with the main blade, will move up anddown, thus obtaining the required adjustment. In pulling the planer backupon the timber after it has planed a length, the two rollers R R,(shown in Fig. 3, also in Fig. 1 dotted, which rollers in the forwardmovement of the machine were held up far enough in the body of themachine not to touch the stick of timber planed) are thrown down fromthe machine in the manner hereinafter particularly set forth, and themachine is pulled back on them to begin the planing movement again.These rollers are purposely placed at or near the center of the body A,as shown in Fig'. `1,so as to balance the planer. The rollers R R movearound an axle, q, which I fasten to two levers, V V. These levers arefitted into the body of the machine, so that their outer surfaces areflush with the outer surface of the body, and the levers are movablearound the stationary axle z. -The rollers and the levers are held up inthe machine by means of the handle M in the center of the machine, whichhandle holds up the horizontal rod T, connecting the two levers. Thishandle M is peculiarly shaped, with a double shoulder or projection, asshown in Fig. 1n of the drawings. to throw the rollers down below themachine, the handle M is pulled back by the operator, which movementunhooks the horizontal rod T from the upper shoulder of the handle M, asseen in Fig. 1. This rod with the levers is then forced down and catcheson the lower shoulder of the handle M, (seen in Fig. 1,) and is heldthere. The spring Q presses the When it is desired' handle M forward andprevents the rod from being detached from the shoulder and-letting upthe rollers. To lift up the rollers, the handle M is pulled back againby the operator, and the horizontal rod T, connecting with the rollersthrough the levers V V, is lifted up and is caught upon the uppershoulder of the handle M.

On both sides of the body of the machine run iron fianges (marked F F)the length of the planing-machine itself, the uses of which are to guidethe machine on the stick of timber to be planed, and also to regulatethe size or'thickness to which the timber shall be cut by stopping thecutting or planing when the required size or thickness has beenattained. These flanges are bent inward under the planing-blade and bodyof the machine, and eX- tend inward, forming angle-irons, so that thedistance between the ange-points is equal to the width of the blade. Onthe outside of these flanges are fastened pieces of wood, P P, as longas the flanges, flush with the lower surfaces of the flan ges, whicharrangement gives large guiding-surfaces on both sides of the machine.These iianges are made adjustable by means of the slots g g in theflanges, through which the clamping-bolts I I pass. In planing a stickto a certain size the stick is laid in a bed of timber under the machinewith two longitudinal sills of ascertained height placed right under theadjusted flanges, and the planer will cut the stick until the adjustedflanges touch the longitudinal sills.

I am aware that Jacob Siegley, in Patent No. 269,967, employed oneblade-adjusting screw or spindle, which operated on or in cast bearingsor appurtenances of the plane-stock, differently constructed, however,from my bearings or my sockets, the worin-screws of .whichadjusting-screws engaged in serrations (transverse) of the cutting-bladeto adjust it.

j I am further aware that I/Villiam Tidgewell,

in Patent No. 312,229, operated one blade-adjusting screw supported in apeculiar manner upon or in cast bearings of the plane stock, with a nutupon the screw constructed to engage the cutting-blade under thecounterblade and adjust it, this nut being prevented from turning withthe adj Listing-screw by certain applied guides. I disclaim both theseconstructions. I employ bearings for the adj listing-screws differingfrom both. I employ adjusting-screws provided with attachments differingfrom both; and I do not engage the cutter as either Siegley orTidgewel'l do.' My adjusting apparatus, with its stock bearings andattachments, is, sut' generis, constructed as I show and explain it, soas to render it both independent or self-acting and yet at the same timeaharmonious component of a complete planer. I do not employ a worm-screwat all, and my cutter is not serrated. My screw-nuts engage the cutternot through or under the counter or clamping blade, but above andindependently of the counter-blade,

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and they engage it not by mere studs passed l into the blade, but by nutprojections, which pass entirely through slots S" S" of the cutter abovethe counter-blade, and are secured by small nuts or tops. My cutter isslotted above the counter -blade Neither Siegleys nor Tidgewells is. Myconstructions are such that they properly co-ordinate all my planingmechanism. My adjusting-screws are not fixed as to longitudinal movementby nutguides, but by collars fastened under the screw -journalsco-operating with the screwnuts and pocket-sockets. XVhile oneadjusting-screw centrally positioned as to the cutter might besuflicientfor narrow blades and light planing work, in cases of heavycutting, for which my machine is particularly designed, large broadblades must be used. It then becomes an imperative mechanicalrequirement that the adjustment of the blades cuttingedge be made allalong particularly true or exact; hence a double set of strongadjustingscrews and suitable auxiliary mechanismsuch as I novellyemployshould be used, engaging the cutter conveniently on both sides ofits longitudinal center, furnishing a broad true cutting-edge to theblade.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new or novelherein, and desire to secure by .Letters Patent from the United States,is as follows:

l. In a planer, the planing apparatus consisting of the block A, iiangedpocket C, having blade-opening 0, and carrying wedge projections overthe blades, and the sockets p p in the casting, the blade B, providedwith slots ai fr and slots S S, counter-blade B',

provided with slots 0c fr, screws S' S', wedges W W, bed-plate K,carrying two sets of supports, H H, and journals J J, the screws D D,carrying collars L L, and nuts N N,'provided with nuts n n, the rollersR R, axle q, levers V V, stationary axle z, horizontal rod T, handle M,spring Q, flanges F F, provided with slots g g and clamping-boltsl I,and the guide-pieces P P, substantially as herein described.

2. In a planer, the block A, in combination with the -flanged cast-ironpocket @,provided with wedge projections y y over the blades and formedwith blade-opening O and sockets p p in the casting, the blade B,provided with the slots 03 0c and slots S' S", the counter-blade B',provided with slots a; fr, the wedges lV lV, screws S' S', the bed-plateK, carrying two sets of supports, H H, and journals J J, the screws D D,carrying collars L L, and nuts N N, provided with nuts n n, acting uponthe blade B through the slots S S", substantially as herein set forth.

3. In a planer, the conibinatiomwith block A, formed with opening O, ofthe flanged castiron pocket C, iitted into said opening, said pocket Cprovided with wedge projections y g/ over the blades B B for the wedgesXV lV, blade-opening o for the blade B, and sockets p p for the adjlisting-screws D D in the casting, substantially as herein set forth.

4. In a planer, the combination, with pocket C of block A, said pocketformed with wedge projections y y, and the blades B and B', of thewedges lV W, which operate in said wedge projections g/ y of said pocketover the blades, substantially as herein shown.

5. In a planer, the block-pocket C, provided with sockets p p in thecasting, and the planing-blade B, provided with slots S" S" above thecounter-blade, in combination with adjusting-screws D D, screw-n nts NN, projected through said blade-slots, and the nuts n n, substantiallyas herein shown.

6. In a planer, the combination, with the cutting blade B, slotted abovethe counterblade B', of an independent bed-plate, K, attached to the topof the block A, and provided with two upright sets of supports, H H,having journals J J, and the collared screws D D and their parts, andthe nuts n n, adj ustable in the slots of the cutting-blade,constituting the adjusting mechanism or means for properly supportingand co-ordinatin g the said screws in the adjustment of the cuttingbladeabove the counter-blade, substantially as herein shown.

7. ln a planer, the adjusting mechanism for the planing-blade,consisting of the combination, with block A and blade B,provitled withslots S" S" above the counter-blade, of the pocket (l, provided withsockets p p in the casting, bed-plate K, attached to the block, d oublesupports H H upon the bed-plate, the screws D D, provided with collars LL, and projected nuts N N, provided with other nuts, n `n, which saidprojected nuts operate through the blade-slots S" S" above thecounter-blade, all substantially as herein set forth and explained.

S. In a planer, the combination, with the block A and its adjustableplaning apparatus, of the rollers R R, axle q, levers V V, stationaryaxlez, horizontal rod T, double-shouldered handle M, and spring Q,coacting to move the planing-1n achine backward after a progression orpropulsion, substantially as herein set forth.

9. In a planer, the uplifting and depressing mechanism for the rollers RR, consisting of the combination, with the block A, of the levers V V,stationary axle z, horizontal rod T, handle M, and spring Q, acting uponthe rollers, substantially as herein set forth.

l0. In a planer, the combination, with the block-rollers R R, movablearound the axle q under the block A, of the uplifting and depressingroller mechanism, consisting of the levers V V, axle e, and rod T, andthe handle M, double-shouldered for retaining the rod T in each of itspositions, andthe spring Q, all substantially as herein described.

ll. In a planer having rollers and rolleroperating handles, themechanism for connecting the operating-handlewith the rollers,consisting of levers attached to the axle of the rollers and movablearound a stationary axle, in co-operation witlr the rod T, uniting thelevers, substantially as herein shown.

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12. In a planer constructed with the rolleroperating handle M, andhaving levers attached to the roller-axle, as shown, the rod T, unitingsuch levers and connecting them united with the operating-handle,substantially as herein set forth,

13. In a planer having rollers, the doubleshouldered handle M foroperating the roller mechanism, substantially as herein described.

14. In a planer of the character described, the combination, with thedouble-shouldered handle M and the roller mechanism set forth, of thespring Q for rendering the roller nicchanism undetachable from theoperating handle, substantially as herein shown.

15. In a planer, the fianges F F, provided with slots g g, said flangesso constructed as to run on both sides of the block A the length of theblock, and the clamping-bolts I I,

which pass through the block and the flangeslots, said flanges bentinward under the block A and forming angle-irons and adjustable underthe block A, and the guide-pieces P P, attached to the flanges F F andflush with their lower surfaces, substantially as herein described.

16. In 'planers, the combination,with bloch A and cutting -blade B, ofthe adjustable flanges F F, provided with slots g g and clampv ing-boltsI I, passing through the slots, said flanges bent inward under theblock, forming angle-irons and carrying the guide-pieces P P, made aslong as the anges and iiush with their lower surfaces, all substantiallyas herein shown.

17. The combination, with planers having adjustable flanges of thecharacter de r of the attached flanged guide-pieces P P, made as long asthe flanges and flush with their lower surfaces, constituting anarrangement which gives large adjustable guiding-surfaces on both sidesof the planer, substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing' I have hereunto set my hand,this 9th day of March, 1888, at Seattle, King county, WashingtonTerritory, in the presence of two witnesses.

I MARTINIUS STIXRUD.

Witnesses:

N. B. COLT, E. D. MOCLINTIC.

